feat(python): add cuda_enabled and vortex-data-cuda

[0ax1]

GPU support ships as a separate vortex-data-cuda package (imported as vortex_cuda); the base vortex-data wheel stays CPU-only. vortex.cuda_enabled probes whether the companion is importable; the companion exposes cuda_available.

[0ax1]

@robert3005 & @gatesn Lemme know if this directionally makes sense.

[codspeed-hq]

Merging this PR will not alter performance

⚠️ Unknown Walltime execution environment detected

Using the Walltime instrument on standard Hosted Runners will lead to inconsistent data.

For the most accurate results, we recommend using CodSpeed Macro Runners: bare-metal machines fine-tuned for performance measurement consistency.

⚡ 13 improved benchmarks
❌ 7 regressed benchmarks
✅ 1561 untouched benchmarks

Warning

Please fix the performance issues or acknowledge them on CodSpeed.

Performance Changes

	Mode	Benchmark	BASE	HEAD	Efficiency
❌	Simulation	decompress_rd[f64, (10000, 0.01)]	108.9 µs	139.2 µs	-21.77%
❌	Simulation	decompress_rd[f64, (10000, 0.1)]	109.2 µs	139.5 µs	-21.74%
❌	Simulation	decompress_rd[f64, (10000, 0.0)]	108.9 µs	139.2 µs	-21.74%
❌	Simulation	decompress_rd[f32, (100000, 0.0)]	496.1 µs	583.9 µs	-15.04%
❌	Simulation	decompress_rd[f32, (10000, 0.01)]	78.2 µs	90.7 µs	-13.81%
❌	Simulation	decompress_rd[f32, (10000, 0.1)]	78.2 µs	90.7 µs	-13.8%
❌	Simulation	decompress_rd[f32, (10000, 0.0)]	78.7 µs	91.2 µs	-13.77%
⚡	Simulation	bitwise_not_vortex_buffer_mut[128]	244.4 ns	186.1 ns	+31.34%
⚡	Simulation	bitwise_not_vortex_buffer_mut[1024]	304.7 ns	246.4 ns	+23.68%
⚡	Simulation	take_10k_first_chunk_only	251.3 µs	206.5 µs	+21.7%
⚡	Simulation	decompress_rd[f64, (100000, 0.1)]	1,020.9 µs	842.8 µs	+21.13%
⚡	Simulation	decompress_rd[f64, (100000, 0.01)]	1,020.9 µs	842.8 µs	+21.13%
⚡	Simulation	take_10k_dispersed	264.8 µs	220.2 µs	+20.28%
⚡	Simulation	decompress_rd[f32, (100000, 0.1)]	583 µs	495.5 µs	+17.67%
⚡	Simulation	decompress_rd[f32, (100000, 0.01)]	583 µs	495.5 µs	+17.67%
⚡	Simulation	bitwise_not_vortex_buffer_mut[2048]	427.8 ns	369.4 ns	+15.79%
⚡	Simulation	patched_take_10k_adversarial	259.7 µs	229.6 µs	+13.13%
⚡	Simulation	patched_take_10k_first_chunk_only	282.9 µs	252.7 µs	+11.97%
⚡	Simulation	patched_take_10k_dispersed	297 µs	266.8 µs	+11.33%
⚡	Simulation	eq_i64_constant	317.9 µs	288 µs	+10.4%

Tip

Investigate this regression by commenting @codspeedbot fix this regression on this PR, or directly use the CodSpeed MCP with your agent.

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_{Comparing ad/pyvortex-cudf (671cae2) with develop (9814173)}