Compile native app tutor failed, Ubuntu 26.04

[colisys]

What happened

Compiled failed, once "perry/ui" imported.

What you expected

Compiled pass.

Minimal reproduction

From official site First Native App.

File structure:

.
├── dist
├── perry.toml
├── src
│   ├── main.ts
│   └── ui
│       └── index.ts
└── tsconfig.json

// src/ui/index.ts
import { App, Text, Button, VStack, State } from "perry/ui";

const count = State(0);

export const app = () =>
  App({
    title: "My Counter",
    width: 400,
    height: 300,
    body: VStack(16, [
      Text(`Count: ${count.value}`),
      Button("Increment", () => count.set(count.value + 1)),
      Button("Reset", () => count.set(0)),
    ]),
  });

// Main entry point

import { app } from "./ui";

function main(): void {
  app();
}

main();

Command I ran:

# under dist/
perry compile ../src/main.ts -o main

Environment

• Perry version: 0.5.178 (from npm and apt) and 0.5.190 (from source)
• Host OS: Ubuntu 26.04
• Target: native
• Rust toolchain (if building from source): 1.95.0 (59807616e 2026-04-14)
• Installed via: npm, apt and from source

Diagnostic output

Installed from npm and apt

Perry doctor output:

$ perry doctor
Perry Doctor

Environment Checks
──────────────────
  ✓ perry version: 0.5.178
  ✓ update status: up to date
  ✓ system linker (cc): cc (Ubuntu 15.2.0-16ubuntu1) 15.2.0
  ⚠ runtime library: not found - run: cargo build --release -p perry-runtime
  ⚠ project config (perry.toml): not found - run: perry init

All critical checks passed with some warnings.

Compiler output:

/usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld.bfd: /tmp/perry_strip_1336157/_libperry_ui_gtk4.a_trimmed.lib(gtk4-0296b5340b9ce438.gtk4.eb703825b6c70a06-cgu.0.rcgu.o): in function                                                                           
  `gio::auto::application::ApplicationExt::connect_startup::startup_trampoline':                                                                                                                                                              
  gtk4.eb703825b6c70a06-cgu.0:(.text._ZN3gio4auto11application14ApplicationExt15connect_startup18startup_trampoline17hb91fcf16da9cd795E+0x29): undefined reference to `g_signal_handler_disconnect'                                           
  /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld.bfd: gtk4.eb703825b6c70a06-cgu.0:(.text._ZN3gio4auto11application14ApplicationExt15connect_startup18startup_trampoline17hb91fcf16da9cd795E+0x5a): undefined reference to `gtk_is_initialized'                  
  /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld.bfd: /tmp/perry_strip_1336157/_libperry_ui_gtk4.a_trimmed.lib(gtk4-0296b5340b9ce438.gtk4.eb703825b6c70a06-cgu.0.rcgu.o): in function                                                                           
  `core::ptr::drop_in_place<glib::object::ObjectBuilder<gtk4::auto::popover_menu_bar::PopoverMenuBar>>':                                                                                                                                      
  gtk4.eb703825b6c70a06-cgu.0:(.text._ZN4core3ptr100drop_in_place$LT$glib..object..ObjectBuilder$LT$gtk4..auto..popover_menu_bar..PopoverMenuBar$GT$$GT$17hff06a396d3b33180E+0x2d): undefined reference to `g_value_unset'                    
  /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld.bfd: gtk4.eb703825b6c70a06-cgu.0:(.text._ZN4core3ptr100drop_in_place$LT$glib..object..ObjectBuilder$LT$gtk4..auto..popover_menu_bar..PopoverMenuBar$GT$$GT$17hff06a396d3b33180E+0x63): undefined reference to  
  `g_value_unset'                                                                                                                                                                                                                             
  /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld.bfd: /tmp/perry_strip_1336157/_libperry_ui_gtk4.a_trimmed.lib(gtk4-0296b5340b9ce438.gtk4.eb703825b6c70a06-cgu.0.rcgu.o): in function `core::ptr::drop_in_place<smallvec::SmallVec<[(&str,glib::value::Value);  
  16]>>':                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
  gtk4.eb703825b6c70a06-cgu.0:(.text._ZN4core3ptr105drop_in_place$LT$smallvec..SmallVec$LT$$u5b$$LP$$RF$str$C$glib..value..Value$RP$$u3b$$u20$16$u5d$$GT$$GT$17hee804f4e59c8fbacE+0x2c): undefined reference to `g_value_unset'               
  /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld.bfd: gtk4.eb703825b6c70a06-cgu.0:(.text._ZN4core3ptr105drop_in_place$LT$smallvec..SmallVec$LT$$u5b$$LP$$RF$str$C$glib..value..Value$RP$$u3b$$u20$16$u5d$$GT$$GT$17hee804f4e59c8fbacE+0x63): undefined          
  reference to `g_value_unset'                                                                                                                                                                                                                
  /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld.bfd: /tmp/perry_strip_1336157/_libperry_ui_gtk4.a_trimmed.lib(gtk4-0296b5340b9ce438.gtk4.eb703825b6c70a06-cgu.0.rcgu.o): in function `glib::object::ObjectBuilder<O>::property':                               
  gtk4.eb703825b6c70a06-cgu.0:(.text._ZN4glib6object22ObjectBuilder$LT$O$GT$8property17h03195c0c15be73d7E+0x51): undefined reference to `g_value_init'                                                                                        
  /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld.bfd: gtk                                                                                                                                                                                                       
  … +351 lines …                                                                                                                                                                                                                              
  in_context_unref'                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
  /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld.bfd: /tmp/perry_strip_1336157/_libperry_ui_gtk4.a_trimmed.lib(perry_ui_gtk4-cb4cf2de5ae5f48f.perry_ui_gtk4.ed611366546234f3-cgu.10.rcgu.o): in function `glib::source::destroy_closure_local':                 
  perry_ui_gtk4.ed611366546234f3-cgu.10:(.text._ZN4glib6source21destroy_closure_local17h677158ec48622fc7E.llvm.6832949121157324173+0x25): undefined reference to `g_object_unref'                                                             
  /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld.bfd: perry_ui_gtk4.ed611366546234f3-cgu.10:(.text._ZN4glib6source21destroy_closure_local17h677158ec48622fc7E.llvm.6832949121157324173+0x66): undefined reference to `g_object_unref'                           
  /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld.bfd: /tmp/perry_strip_1336157/_libperry_ui_gtk4.a_trimmed.lib(perry_ui_gtk4-cb4cf2de5ae5f48f.perry_ui_gtk4.ed611366546234f3-cgu.11.rcgu.o): in function `perry_ui_gtk4::widgets::text::create':                
  perry_ui_gtk4.ed611366546234f3-cgu.11:(.text._ZN13perry_ui_gtk47widgets4text6create17h32bf52299ccebb35E+0xad): undefined reference to `g_object_unref'                                                                                      
  /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld.bfd: /tmp/perry_strip_1336157/_libperry_ui_gtk4.a_trimmed.lib(perry_ui_gtk4-cb4cf2de5ae5f48f.perry_ui_gtk4.ed611366546234f3-cgu.13.rcgu.o): in function `perry_ui_gtk4::widgets::spacer::create':              
  perry_ui_gtk4.ed611366546234f3-cgu.13:(.text._ZN13perry_ui_gtk47widgets6spacer6create17h91f567096c0d25ccE+0x42): undefined reference to `gtk_widget_add_css_class'                                                                          
  /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld.bfd: perry_ui_gtk4.ed611366546234f3-cgu.13:(.text._ZN13perry_ui_gtk47widgets6spacer6create17h91f567096c0d25ccE+0xba): undefined reference to `g_object_unref'                                                  
  /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld.bfd: /tmp/perry_strip_1336157/_libperry_ui_gtk4.a_trimmed.lib(perry_ui_gtk4-cb4cf2de5ae5f48f.perry_ui_gtk4.ed611366546234f3-cgu.13.rcgu.o): in function                                                        
  `gio::application::ApplicationExtManual::run_with_args':                                                                                                                                                                                    
  perry_ui_gtk4.ed611366546234f3-cgu.13:(.text._ZN3gio11application20ApplicationExtManual13run_with_args17h44c356292825e014E+0x100): undefined reference to `g_application_run'                                                               
  /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld.bfd: /tmp/perry_strip_1336157/_libperry_ui_gtk4.a_trimmed.lib(perry_ui_gtk4-cb4cf2de5ae5f48f.perry_ui_gtk4.ed611366546234f3-cgu.13.rcgu.o): in function                                                        
  `gtk4::auto::application::GtkApplicationExt::set_accels_for_action':                                                                                                                                                                        
  perry_ui_gtk4.ed611366546234f3-cgu.13:(.text._ZN4gtk44auto11application17GtkApplicationExt21set_accels_for_action17hcb2c25c186bf11d9E+0x71): undefined reference to `gtk_application_set_accels_for_action'                                 
  collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status                                                                                                                                                                                                  
  Error: Linking failed

Installed from source

Perry doctor output:

$ perry doctor
Perry Doctor

Environment Checks
──────────────────
  ✓ perry version: 0.5.190
  ✓ update status: up to date
  ✓ system linker (cc): cc (Ubuntu 15.2.0-16ubuntu1) 15.2.0
  ✓ runtime library: /home/deval/perry/target/release/libperry_runtime.a
  ⚠ project config (perry.toml): not found - run: perry init

All critical checks passed with some warnings.

Compiler output:

    Finished `release` profile [optimized] target(s) in 0.28s
  auto-optimize: built /home/deval/perry/target/perry-auto-d95656a816e44675/release/libperry_runtime.a (37.0 MB)
  auto-optimize: built /home/deval/perry/target/perry-auto-d95656a816e44675/release/libperry_stdlib.a (42.5 MB)
Linking (runtime-only)...
Error: perry/ui imported but libperry_ui_gtk4.a not found. Build with: cargo build --release -p perry-ui-gtk4 --target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu

Then I run cargo build --release -p perry-ui-gtk4 --target x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu in perry source workspace, same compiler error output.

Anything else

• libgtk-4-dev installed (4.22.2+ds-1ubuntu1)
• clang version 21.1.8 (6ubuntu1)

[codehz]

Also doesn't work in archlinux, but has different error

Collecting modules...
Found 1 module(s): 1 native, 0 JavaScript
Generating code...
Wrote object file: counter_ts.o
Linking (runtime-only)...
[strip-dedup] Processing: /home/codehz/.bun/install/global/node_modules/@perryts/perry-linux-x64/lib/libperry_ui_gtk4.a
[strip-dedup] llvm-ar found: /usr/bin/llvm-ar
[strip-dedup] libperry_ui_gtk4.a: 401 total members
[strip-dedup] libperry_stdlib.a found: /home/codehz/.bun/install/global/node_modules/@perryts/perry-linux-x64/lib/libperry_stdlib.a — 1046 members loaded
[strip-dedup] libperry_runtime.a found: /home/codehz/.bun/install/global/node_modules/@perryts/perry-linux-x64/lib/libperry_runtime.a — 16 members loaded
[strip-dedup] Total exclude set: 1062 members from stdlib+runtime .lib files
[strip-dedup] rlib NOT found: /home/codehz/.bun/install/global/node_modules/@perryts/perry-linux-x64/lib/libperry_ui_gtk4.rlib
[strip-dedup] libperry_ui_gtk4.a: keeping 135 of 401 members (excluded: 88 by .lib set, 266 by name pattern)
[strip-dedup] Building trimmed libperry_ui_gtk4.a: 135 objects total
[strip-dedup] OK: /home/codehz/.bun/install/global/node_modules/@perryts/perry-linux-x64/lib/libperry_ui_gtk4.a -> /tmp/perry_strip_62864/_libperry_ui_gtk4.a_trimmed.lib
Linking perry/ui (native UI) from /tmp/perry_strip_62864/_libperry_ui_gtk4.a_trimmed.lib
/usr/bin/ld: /tmp/perry_strip_62864/_libperry_ui_gtk4.a_trimmed.lib(perry_ui_gtk4-5b0c04c837f1e53f.perry_ui_gtk4.6598ec2060d24e10-cgu.03.rcgu.o): in function `hashbrown::map::HashMap<K,V,S,A>::insert':
perry_ui_gtk4.6598ec2060d24e10-cgu.03:(.text._ZN9hashbrown3map28HashMap$LT$K$C$V$C$S$C$A$GT$6insert17h61afbf5c755ffe80E+0x272): undefined reference to `hashbrown::raw::RawTable<T,A>::reserve_rehash'
collect2: 错误：ld 返回 1
Error: Linking failed

version:

Perry Doctor

Environment Checks
──────────────────
  ✓ perry version: 0.5.294
  ✓ update status: up to date
  ✓ clang (LLVM codegen): clang version 22.1.3
  ✓ system linker (cc): cc (GCC) 15.2.1 20260209
  ⚠ runtime library: not found - run: cargo build --release -p perry-runtime
  ⚠ project config (perry.toml): not found - run: perry init

All critical checks passed with some warnings.

[proggeramlug]

Both Linux failures in this thread are fixed and landed on main:

Ubuntu 26.04 (g_object_unref / gtk_widget_* undefined refs) — v0.5.319 (588c0087)

pkg-config --libs gtk4 had a silent-fallback hole at crates/perry/src/commands/compile.rs:7142. The original code:

if let Ok(output) = Command::new("pkg-config").args(["--libs", "gtk4"]).output() {
    if output.status.success() { /* use output */ }
    // ← if status != 0, silently emits no GTK flags
} else {
    // ← only fires if pkg-config binary itself can't be spawned
    cmd.arg("-lgtk-4")...;
}

If pkg-config existed but gtk4.pc wasn't on its search path (status != 0), the link line got zero GTK system libs and bombed with the g_object_unref / gtk_widget_* / g_signal_connect_data / gtk_window_* cascade. Patched to fall back on either spawn failure OR non-zero exit, with a clear warning explaining what happened. Also expanded the hardcoded fallback from the original 4 libs (-lgtk-4 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lgio-2.0) to the full 11 that pkg-config --libs gtk4 returns on a standard install (adds -lpangocairo-1.0 -lpango-1.0 -lharfbuzz -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo-gobject -lcairo -lgraphene-1.0) — pre-fix the short fallback would still leave pango/cairo/gdk_pixbuf refs undefined.

Arch Linux (hashbrown::raw::RawTable<T,A>::reserve_rehash undefined) — v0.5.320 (afa3c321)

Strip-dedup at crates/perry/src/commands/compile.rs:985 was dropping every staticlib member matching m.contains("perry_runtime-") / m.contains("perry_stdlib-"), on the assumption that standalone libperry_runtime.a / libperry_stdlib.a would re-supply those symbols. False assumption for generic monomorphizations.

When perry-ui-gtk4 builds as a staticlib, Cargo re-monomorphizes generics (e.g. RawTable<T,A>::reserve_rehash for GTK4-specific HashMap key/value types) into whichever crate's CGU first triggers the instantiation — sometimes a perry_runtime-* CGU bundled inside libperry_ui_gtk4.a. Standalone libperry_runtime.a (built without ever seeing those GTK4 types) doesn't define those monomorphizations. Pattern-dropping the staticlib's bundled CGU silently removes the only definition.

Verified locally: the missing reserve_rehash17h1c96b8c6ae9855b6E lives in perry_runtime-…cgu.0.rcgu.o inside libperry_ui_gtk4.a, but llvm-nm --defined-only across all 352 members of standalone libperry_runtime.a returns 0 hits.

The pattern-drop was added in 7a2e27c (March 2026) to placate lld-link's Windows-cross-compile duplicate-symbol rejection. Strip-dedup is now skipped entirely on Windows (see is_windows guard at the call site), so the filter is dead-weight on Linux/macOS where --allow-multiple-definition (ELF) / ld64 first-wins (Mach-O) handle real duplicates safely. Fix: deleted the two early-returns.

Repro

Both reproduced locally on Fedora 43 before fixing:

• Bug A: PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/nonexistent PKG_CONFIG_LIBDIR=/nonexistent perry compile main.ts → identical g_object_unref / gtk_widget_* cascade.
• Bug B: PERRY_LLVM_AR=<path> perry compile main.ts (forces strip-dedup to run; default search path on Fedora doesn't pick up /usr/lib64/rocm/llvm/bin/llvm-ar) → identical reserve_rehash undefined reference.

Both clean post-fix; combined-mode (PERRY_LLVM_AR=… PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/nonexistent) also clean.

Closing once v0.5.320 ships through the npm/apt distribution channels — please reopen if you still hit either symptom on Ubuntu 26.04 or Arch after upgrading.

[proggeramlug]

Verified at v0.5.381 — both fixes from the maintainer's April 26 analysis are confirmed in the current codebase and the original repro compiles cleanly (to the expected "build GTK4 first" message rather than the old 350+ undefined-symbol cascade).

What was verified on Linux (Ubuntu 24.04, current main):

1. pkg-config fallback fix (v0.5.319) — crates/perry/src/commands/compile/link.rs now uses a got_gtk_libs flag and falls back to the full 11-lib list (-lgtk-4 -lgio-2.0 -lgobject-2.0 -lglib-2.0 -lpangocairo-1.0 -lpango-1.0 -lharfbuzz -lgdk_pixbuf-2.0 -lcairo-gobject -lcairo -lgraphene-1.0) whenever pkg-config --libs gtk4 fails with any non-zero exit code — not just when the binary can't be spawned. This was the root cause of the Ubuntu 26.04 g_object_unref / gtk_widget_* cascade.

2. Strip-dedup over-prune fix (v0.5.320) — crates/perry/src/commands/compile/strip_dedup.rs no longer drops members by name-pattern (perry_runtime- / perry_stdlib-). It now uses evidence-based symbol-set comparison via llvm-nm, only dropping a member when every symbol it defines is already supplied by the standalone runtime/stdlib. The hashbrown::raw::RawTable::reserve_rehash Arch Linux failure was caused by this pattern-drop silently removing the only definition of a GTK4-specific generic monomorphization.

3. Repro test — perry compile main.ts (the issue's exact two-file repro) on current main produces the clear, actionable Error: perry/ui imported but libperry_ui_gtk4.a not found. Build with: cargo build --release -p perry-ui-gtk4 — no undefined-symbol linker errors.

Closing as fixed (fixes shipped in v0.5.319 / v0.5.320, now at v0.5.381).

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Generated by Claude Code